1 United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, “The Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health,” UN Document E/C.12/2000/4, August 11, 2000, http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(symbol)/E.C.12.2000.4.En.
2 National Economic and Social Rights Initiative (NESRI), “Human Right to Health” Human Right to Health Info Sheet no. 1, http://www.nesri.org/fact_sheets_pubs/Right%20to%20Health.pdf.
3 Office of Congresswoman Betty McCollum, “Health Protection Amendment – Health Care Fact Sheet,” McCollum Introduces Constitutional Amendment Declaring Health Care a Right, http://www.mccollum.house.gov/vertical/Sites/%7B6CD95013-7C42-4AD8-A464-EB8D8679E9C9%7D/uploads/%7B801C4C9F-6CE5-436A-8684-8669D00D2A1E%7D.PDF.
4 Ibid.
5 Ibid.
6 Grant Makers in Health, “Training the Health Workforce of Tomorrow,” Issue Brief No. 12, http://www.gih.org/usr_doc/healthworkforce.pdf.
7 Ibid.
8 Ibid.
9 Miriam Komaromy et al, “The Role of Black and Hispanic Physicians in Providing Health Care for Underserved Populations” abstract, New England Journal of Medicine 334, no. 20, (May 16, 1996): 1305-1310, https://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/334/20/1305.
10 Sicko, “Facts about Health Care in America,” http://www.michaelmoore.com/sicko/_media/SiCKO_sickofactoids.pdf.
11 Michelle Andrews, “The Untouchables,” U.S. News & World Report, August 20, 2007, Health section, online edition, http://health.usnews.com/usnews/health/articles/070820/20preconditions.b1.htm.
12 Center for Economic and Social Rights, “The Right to Health in the United States of America: What Does It Mean?” October 2004, http://cesr.org/ushealthright.
13 Sicko, “Facts about Health Care in America,” http://www.michaelmoore.com/sicko/_media/SiCKO_sickofactoids.pdf.
14 Children’s Defense Fund, “Improving Children’s Health: Understanding Children’s Health Disparities and Promising Approaches to Address Them,” http://www.childrensdefense.org/site/DocServer/CDF_Improving_Children_s_Health_FINAL.pdf?docID=1781.
15 National Organization on Disability, “Access to Health Insurance,” July 25, 2001, http://www.nod.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=page.viewPage&pageID=1430&nodeID=1&FeatureID=111&redirected=1&CFID=22542279&CFTOKEN=94239249.
16 Ibid.
17 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, “Executive Summery,” Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity – A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General, Main Findings (Rockville, MD, 2001), http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/mentalhealth/cre/execsummary-2.html.
18 See, for example, the Institute of Medicine’s Unequal treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care(2003) the President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health Achieving the Promise: Transforming Mental Health Care in America (2003), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality National Healthcare Disparities Report (2005).
19 Children’s Defense Fund, “Improving Children’s Health: Understanding Children’s Health Disparities and Promising Approaches to Address Them,” http://www.childrensdefense.org/site/DocServer/CDF_Improving_Children_s_Health_FINAL.pdf?docID=1781.
20 American Civil Liberties Union, “The Right to Health: Inferior System and Medical Treatment for Minorities and Women,” Race and Ethnicity in America: Turning a Blind Eye to Injustice, U.S. Violations of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, (New York, 2007), http://www.aclu.org/pdfs/humanrights/cerd_full_report.pdf, 131-132.
21 Ibid.
22 National Conference of State Legislatures, “Language Access: Giving Immigrants A Hand in Navigating the Health Care System,” Immigrant Policy Project, http://www.ncsl.org/programs/immig/SHNarticle.htm.
23 Ku Leighton, Immigrants and Health Care: A National Perspective, PowerPoint presentation, George Washington School of Public Health, http://www.energyofanation.org/03ce4663-a0fd-489e-abad-34b7c05253ca.html?NodeId.
24 Ibid.
25 National Conference of State Legislatures, “Language Access: Giving Immigrants A Hand in Navigating the Health Care System,” Immigrant Policy Project, http://www.ncsl.org/programs/immig/SHNarticle.htm.
26 Diversity Rx, “Why Language and Culture Are Important,” Essentials, http://www.diversityrx.org/HTML/ESLANG.htm.
27 Office of Congresswoman Betty McCollum, “Health Protection Amendment – Health Care Fact Sheet,” McCollum Introduces Constitutional Amendment Declaring Health Care a Right, http://www.mccollum.house.gov/vertical/Sites/%7B6CD95013-7C42-4AD8-A464-EB8D8679E9C9%7D/uploads/%7B801C4C9F-6CE5-436A-8684-8669D00D2A1E%7D.PDF.
28 Sicko, “Facts about Health Care in America,” http://www.michaelmoore.com/sicko/_media/SiCKO_sickofactoids.pdf.
29 David R. Francis, “Arguments Mount for a National Healthcare System,” Christian Science Monitor, March 3, 2008, online edition, http://www.csmonitor.com/2008/0303/p16s02-wmgn.htm.
30 Editorial, “The High Cost of Health Care,” New York Times, Nov. 25, 2007, online edition, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/25/opinion/25sun1.html?em&ex=1196226000&en=d64f49732e9e842e&ei=5087%0A.
31 United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, “The nature of States parties’ obligations (Art. 2, par.1),” UN doc. E/1991/23, December 14, 1990,
http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/94bdbaf59b43a424c12563ed0052b664?Opendocument.